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Architectural
- an asphalt shingle that provides a dimensional appearance.
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Closed Valley
- A valley in which the roofing material is laced or woven through the valley intersection.
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Counter Flashing
- Strips of metal, roofing or fabric inserted so as to shed water onto the base flashing.
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Cricket
- A small peaked saddle built behind the chimney or over an entry. Its purpose is to divert water to either side.
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Deck
- The structural skin of a roof over which roofing is applied. Most homes built within the last 40 years use plywood for this purpose (See Sheathing).
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Dimensional
- a shingle that is textured, over-layed, or laminated and designed to produce a three-dimensional effect. (also see Laminated shingle and Architectural shingles.)
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Dormer
- The structure containing a window set vertically and projecting through a sloping roof.
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Drip Edge
- A narrow strip of non-corrodible metal used at the rake and eave to facilitate water runoff.
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Eaves
- Edge of roof that projects over the outside wall.
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Exposure
- Portion of shingle exposed to the weather, measured from butt of one shingle to butt of next course.
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Fascia
- Horizontal trim at eaves that covers the rafter ends.
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Flashing
- Material used to prevent seepage of water around any intersection or projection in a roof, including vent pipes, chimneys, adjoining walls, dormers, and valleys.
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Gable
- The triangular area of exterior wall of a building.
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Hip
- The line of intersection of two sloping roof planes with walls that are not parallel to each other.
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Hip roof
- A roof which rise from all four sides of a building.
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Lap
- To overlap the surface of one shingle or other type of roofing material with another; also the length of such an overlap.
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Mansard
- A type of roof on which there are two slopes on each side, with the lower slope much steeper than the upper one.
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Rake
- A slope or inclination of a roof; the same as the slope.
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Ridge
- The horizontal line at which two roof planes meet when both roof planes slope down from that line.
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Seal down
- An asphalt adhesive factory applied so that the shingles, once installed, have a concealed strip of sealing compound that securely bonds each shingle to provide wind resistance.
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Self-Sealing Cement
- A thermal-sealing tab cement built into the shingle to firmly cement the singles together automatically after they have been applied properly and exposed to warm sun temperatures. In warm seasons, the seal will be complete in a matter of days. In colder seasons, sealing time depends on the temperature and amount of direct sunlight hitting the shingles. Hand sealing with plastic cement should be done to ensure sealing in winter.
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Sheathing
- The wooden foundation of a roof, also known as the deck. Typically made of 1/2 –inch construction-grade plywood, older homes may have shiplap or planks.
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Slope
- The degree of inclination of a roof plane in inches of rise per horizontal foot.
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Square butt shingles
- Strip shingles that usually have two or three tabs formed by cutouts or slots.
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Standing seam
- The vertical ridge formed where two panels of metal roofing are joined.
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Starter strip
- Mineral
- urfaced roll roofing applied at eaves line before application of shingles. Fills spaces of cutouts and joints.
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Stepped flashing
- Flashing along a roof slope against a wall or chimney. Usually consists of L-shaped units that fit into the joint between the roof and the wall.
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Tab
- The portion of the shingle set off by the cutouts. Also the part of the shingle that is exposed to the weather.
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Three Tab Shingle
- The most popular type of asphalt shingle usually 12” x 36” in size with three tabs.
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Under layment
- A layer of asphalt saturated felt (sometimes referred to as tar paper) which is laid down on a bare deck before the shingles are installed.
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Valley
- The line of intersection of two roof slopes.
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Vent
- An outlet for air (e.g., vent pipe in a plumbing system, ventilating duct).
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